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Who is on Gods side of the marriage debate?

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WASHINGTON, D.C. — As the Supreme Court considers two major same-sex marriage cases that could change marriage in the United States, religious leaders on both sides of the debate believe they are on God’s side of the contentious issue.

In the months leading up to this week’s Supreme Court hearings, religious leaders from across the country have held prayer vigils and rallies for their respective causes.

At each event, even those with diametrically opposed views, leaders cite biblical principles as the foundation for their beliefs.

“I believe I am on God’s side,” Dr. Richard Land, president of The Ethics & Religious Liberty Commission and and opponent of same-sex marriage, told CNN. “I have no question in what God says marriage is.”

“I do think we are on God’s side because my idea of God is someone that is loving,” said the Rev. Gary Hall, dean of the Washington National Cathedral and a proponent of same-sex marriage. “My understanding is that kind of God that loves everyone and wants everyone to live a joyful life.”

This week, the Supreme Court will hear two cases. One will examine the constitutionality of Proposition 8, a law that prohibited same-sex marriage in California, and the other will test the Defense of Marriage Act, the 1996 legislation that forbids the recognition of same-sex marriages nationwide and bars married gay and lesbian couples from receiving federal benefits.

Land and Hall each have actively worked on his side of this debate.

Hall, after taking the reins at the National Cathedral in 2012, decided to marry same-sex couples in the historic church. Land, who has counseled Republican presidents and members of Congress, has written and spoken at length about why same-sex marriage goes against biblical principles.

And although they both believe in the Bible, their opinions on how the text views same-sex marriage are shaped by their views on how literally to read the holy book.

“I come from a tradition that looks at the big story,” said Hall, an Episcopalian. “The image of Jesus in the Bible is of someone who really makes everyone welcome, and it is from that perspective that I operate.”

Hall acknowledges, however, that the Bible isn’t the only guide for this belief.

“Our argument is not entirely scriptural-based,” Hall said, after acknowledging passages of the holy book that define marriage as being between a man and a woman. “There is no place in the Bible that I can point to that says Jesus performed a same-sex marriage or anything like that.”

In addition to scripture, Hall said, “tradition and reason” anchor his belief that same-sex couples should be allowed to wed. There are about 2 million Episcopalians in the United States.

Land, on the other hand, cites the chapters and verses that guide his views on same-sex marriage.

“The people who take a more conservative view of the Bible and believe that they are under the authority of scripture almost universally oppose same-sex marriage,” Land said about people who agree with him.

For Land, this view is not only consistent but also roots his belief in “traditional values” and his disgust with “moral relativism.”

Land, a Southern Baptist, continued: “The people who are religious and support same-sex marriage tend to take a Dalmatian view of scripture. They believe the Bible is divine in spots, and they think they can spot the spots.”

If the Supreme Court decides in favor of same-sex marriage, Land said, the decision would be on par with the court’s 1973 decision on Roe v. Wade, which affirmed a woman’s right to an abortion.

“I think it will evoke a similar reaction,” Land said.

Southern Baptists count 16 million members in the United States.

This split over the biblical reasoning behind each side of the marriage debate extends beyond just Land and Hall, however. Churches around the country have been divided on the issue, with some choosing to allow same-sex marriage and others to forbid it.

The Rev. Jacqui Lewis, the senior minister at Middle Collegiate Church in New York who has worked with the Gay and Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation on same-sex marriage, comes down in favor of same-sex marriage.

She uses the Bible — and civil rights — in her reasoning.

“I don’t think that people who are supporting gay marriage need to distance themselves from the Bible in needing to find support,” Lewis said. When asked about how the Bible anchors her beliefs, she cited Mark 12:31: “Love your neighbor as yourself.”

On the other side of the argument is Robert Gagnon, a biblical scholar at Pittsburgh Theological Seminary who has worked with the Family Research Council on the issue.

“Only a woman is a true sexual compliment to a man and vice versa,” said Gagnon, citing Genesis 1:27 and Genesis 2:24, along with the Gospels of Mark and Matthew, as the reasoning behind his view on same-sex marriage.

“That is why a man leaves his father and mother and is united to his wife, and they become one flesh,” reads Genesis 2:24.

As for how he feels about people such as Hall who use the Bible to defend their position in support of same-sex marriage: “You are rejecting Jesus himself. … Just go ahead and make up your own religion.”

Dan Merica | CNN

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